The topic of this thesis is the study of the encoding of references and concurrency in Linear Logic. Our perspective is to demonstrate the capability of Linear Logic to encode side-effects to make it a viable, formalized and well studied compilation target for functional languages in the future. The key notion we develop is that of routing areas: a family of proof nets which correspond to a fragment of differential linear logic and which implements communication primitives. We develop routing areas as a parametrizable device and study their theory. We then illustrate their expressivity by translating a concurrent λ-calculus featuring concurrency, references and replication to a fragment of differential nets. To this purpose, we introduce a language akin to Amadio’s concurrent λ-calculus, but with explicit substitutions for both variables and references. We endow this language with a type and effect system and we prove termination of well-typed terms by a mix of reducibility and a new interactive technique. This intermediate language allows us to prove a simulation and an adequacy theorem for the translation.